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KMID : 0877920110130030104
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Korean Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynocology
2011 Volume.13 No. 3 p.104 ~ p.112
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Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomal Abnormalities by Ultrasound Image in Mid-trimester of Gestation
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Park Young-Keun
Kim Hyung-Jun
Lee Soon-Pyo
Nam Ka-Hyun
Kim Suk-Young
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Abstract
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Objective: To investigate the association between second trimester ultrasonographic image and the chromosomal abnormalities from the outcomes of prenatal genetic amniocentesis.
Methods: This study reviewed 543 prenatal genetic amniocentesis results which were performed at our institutes from January 2006 to August 2010. Among the indication of genetic amniocentesis, 98 cases of suspicious ultrasound image were included in our investigation finally. We analyzed the incidence of suspicious image and the correlation between ultrasound image and mid-trimester genetic amniocentesis in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities.
Results: The most frequent application of genetic amniocentesis was performed between 35 and 39 years old of maternal age and between 17+0 and 17+6 weeks’ of gestational age. The indications of amniocentesis showed in order to frequency of abnormal maternal serum screening (44.4%), advanced maternal age (33.6%), and suspicious ultrasonographic image (16.5%). The numbers of chromosomal abnormalities in our study was revealed 60 cases (11.0%) and the incidence between ultrasonographic image and chromosomal abnormality was 30 cases (30.6%), which were meaningful results to detect chromosomal abnormality other than indications of mid-trimester genetic amniocentesis such as 22 cases (8.3%) in abnormal serum screening and 20 cases (10.0%) in advanced maternal age, respectively (p=0.005). The chromosomal abnormalities were revealed 56.3% of heart anomalies, 37.8% of hydrops fetalis and 27.6% of central nervous system, and the incidence in heart were significant differences among the others (p=0.02).
Conclusion: The accurate second trimester ultrasonographic image can be an effective tool to detect the chromosomal abnormalities and to reduce unnecessary amniocentesis. There should be needed the standardization of some specific ultrasonographic marker to relate the chromosomal abnormalities and try to earn the skill for the precise measurement of various ultrasonographic marker.
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KEYWORD
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Prenatal diagnosis, Genetic amniocentesis, Ultrasonography, Chromosomal abnormality
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